{"id":2513,"date":"2011-02-07T22:42:24","date_gmt":"2011-02-07T14:42:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/edsionte.com\/techblog\/?p=2513"},"modified":"2011-02-26T16:28:18","modified_gmt":"2011-02-26T08:28:18","slug":"%e6%8c%87%e9%92%88%e5%92%8c%e6%95%b0%e7%bb%84%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%af%e4%ba%a4%e6%8d%a2%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/edsionte.com\/techblog\/archives\/2513","title":{"rendered":"\u6307\u9488\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u53ef\u4ea4\u6362\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6307\u9488\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u201c\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u201d\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6307\u9488\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8ba4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4e92\u66ff\u6362\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c31\u56e0\u6b64\u800c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u6240\u6709\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u90fd\u9002\u5408\u3002\u300a\u6307\u9488\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u513f\u300b\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0\u5c06\u9010\u6b65\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u6307\u9488\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u6307\u6570\u7ec4\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u6307\u9488\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c5e\u4e8e\u300a\u6307\u9488\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u513f\u300b\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0\u4e4b\u4e09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u524d\u9762\u4e24\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u6307\u9488\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8ba4\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6307\u9488\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u67d0\u4e9b\u53ef\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u4ecd\u7136\u4ee4\u4eba\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u7ed9\u51fa\u6307\u9488\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u60c5\u666f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u6307\u9488\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea4\u6362\uff01\u201d<\/h3>\n

\u8bf4\u51fa\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6beb\u65e0\u6839\u636e\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u6307\u9488\u5f62\u5f0f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3e\u4f8b1\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

#include < stdio.h >\r\n\r\nint main()\r\n{\r\n\tchar *p = \"edsionte\";\r\n\tchar str[] = \"edsionte\";\r\n\r\n\tprintf(\"p[1]=%c *(p+1)=%c\\n\",p[1],*(p+1));\r\n\tprintf(\"str[1]=%c *(str+1)=%c\\n\",str[1],*(str+1));\r\n\r\n\treturn 0;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* \u7f16\u8bd1\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f *\/\r\nedsionte@edsionte-laptop:~\/code\/expertC$ gcc tmp.c -o tmp\r\nedsionte@edsionte-laptop:~\/code\/expertC$ .\/tmp\r\np[1]=d *(p+1)=d\r\nstr[1]=d *(str+1)=d<\/pre>\n
\u5728\u4e3e\u4f8b1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u9488p\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u533f\u540d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u201cedsionte\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u533f\u540d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e3a9\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff1b\u4e0ep\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u533f\u540d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4str\u5185\u5b58\u50a8\u7740\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u201cedsionte\u201d\uff0c\u5360\u7528\u4e869\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u522b\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee’d’\uff0c\u5219\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6307\u9488p\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488\u5f62\u5f0f*(p+1)\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u5f62\u5f0fp[1]\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u6240\u6307\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4str\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488\u5f62\u5f0f*(str+1)\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u5f62\u5f0fstr[1]\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4\u5185\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u6307\u9488\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u6784\u9020\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0a\u90fd\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u5206\u522b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u4e3e\u4f8b2\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
#include < stdio.h >\r\n\r\nvoid getStr_pointer(char *str)\r\n{\r\n\tprintf(\"%s\\n\",str);\r\n\tprintf(\"getStr_pointer(): sizeof(str)=%d\\n\",sizeof(str));\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid getStr_array(char str[100])\r\n{\r\n\tprintf(\"%s\\n\",str);\r\n\tprintf(\"getStr_array(): sizeof(str)=%d\\n\",sizeof(str));\r\n}\r\n\r\nint main()\r\n{\r\n\tchar str[] = \"I am edsionte!\";\r\n\r\n\tgetStr_pointer(str);\r\n\tgetStr_array(str);\r\n\tprintf(\"main(): sizeof(str)=%d\\n\",sizeof(str));\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* \u7f16\u8bd1\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f *\/\r\nedsionte@edsionte-laptop:~\/code\/expertC$ gcc tmp2.c -o tmp2\r\nedsionte@edsionte-laptop:~\/code\/expertC$ .\/tmp2\r\nI am edsionte!\r\ngetStr_pointer(): sizeof(str)=4\r\nI am edsionte!\r\ngetStr_array(): sizeof(str)=4\r\nmain(): sizeof(str)=15<\/pre>\n
\u5728\u4e3e\u4f8b2\u4e2d\uff0cgetStr_pointer\u51fd\u6570\u548cgetStr_array\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u90fd\u662f\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u6761\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u5728\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u662f\u6570\u7ec4str\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65e2\u7136\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u6307\u9488\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u53c2\uff0cchar str[ ]\u548cchar *str\u76f8\u540c\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6240\u5f15\u51fa\u7684\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6b63\u662f\u672c\u6587\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u201c\u6307\u9488\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u201d\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u5206\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n
1.\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u9488<\/h3>\n
\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u800c\u8a00\uff0ca[i]\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f*(a+i)\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ee5\u6570\u7ec4\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u603b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u9996\u5730\u5740\u52a0\u4e0a\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u201d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u53d6\u4e0b\u6807\u7b26\u53f7[ ]\u5176\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u8fd0\u7b97\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u5411T\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6307\u9488\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3aT\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u6307\u9488\u5c31\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u9996\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u6574\u6570\u5373\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u5fc5\u987b\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4e0b\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u6307\u9488\u6bcf\u6b21\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u6b65\u957f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u5373\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6307\u9488\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u5373\u4e3a\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u5728\u5bf9\u6307\u9488\u8fdb\u884c\u79fb\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u6b21\u6307\u9488\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u6b65\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cstr[i]\u548c*(str+i)\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u603b\u662f\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u6307\u9488\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5206\u6790\u90fd\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5bf9\u6307\u9488\u4ee5\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u6307\u9488\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u5bf9\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u5411\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7ed3\u5408\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u6307\u9488\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5bf9\u4e3e\u4f8b1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u505a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/p>\n
1.1.\u4ee5\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u4ee5\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u4ece\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u7b26\u53f7str\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5373\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u4ee5\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1astr[1]\u3002\u4ece\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230str\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5373\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740\uff1b\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5f62\u5f0f\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a*(str+1)\uff0c\u5728\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u9996\u5730\u5740\u4e0a\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u5f97\u5230\u65b0\u5730\u5740\uff1b\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a’d’\uff1b<\/li>\n
  • \u4ee5\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a*(str+1)\u3002\u4ece\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230str\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5373\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740\uff1b\u5728\u6b64\u5730\u5740\u4e0a\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u5f97\u5230\u65b0\u5730\u5740\uff1b\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a’d’\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    1.2.\u4ee5\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u4ee5\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u6307\u9488<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u4e0d\u7ba1\u4ee5\u4f55\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u6e05\u695ap\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u3002\u4ece\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u7b26\u53f7p\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u6307\u9488p\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n
      \n
    • \u4ee5\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a*(p+1)\u3002\u9996\u5148\u4ece\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230p\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff1b\u4ece\u8be5\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u6307\u9488p\uff1b\u5bf9\u6307\u9488p\u52a0\u4e0a1\u4e2a\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u5f97\u5230\u65b0\u5730\u5740\uff1b\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a’d’\uff1b<\/li>\n
    • \u4ee5\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1ap[1]\u3002\u9996\u5148\u4ece\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230p\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff1b\u4ece\u8be5\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u6307\u9488p\uff1b\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5f62\u5f0f\u8f6c\u5316\u6210*(p+1)\uff0c\u5bf9p\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u5f97\u5230\u65b0\u5730\u5740\uff1b\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u65b0\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a’d’\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u5206\u6790\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u4ee5\u6570\u7ec4\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u4ee5\u6307\u9488\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u53ea\u662f\u5199\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u5df2<\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
      2.\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u6307\u9488<\/h3>\n
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      \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n
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      3.\u7531\u4e8e2\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u53c2\u65f6\uff0c\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9a\u4e49\u6210\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9a\u4e49\u6210\u6307\u9488\uff1b<\/p>\n
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