{"id":1471,"date":"2010-09-27T20:22:49","date_gmt":"2010-09-27T12:22:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/edsionte.com\/techblog\/?p=1471"},"modified":"2011-05-29T14:07:08","modified_gmt":"2011-05-29T06:07:08","slug":"%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aamakefile%e5%81%9a%e5%bc%95%e5%8f%91%e7%9a%84%e2%80%a6%e2%80%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/edsionte.com\/techblog\/archives\/1471","title":{"rendered":"makefile\u518d\u5b66\u4e60"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u524d\u51e0\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\u3002\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u7f16\u5199\u597d\u4e86\u9a71\u52a8\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u505a\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8981\u8fdb\u884cmake\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u529f\u540e\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2aglobalmem.ko\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8981\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5185\u6838\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd8\u8981\u5229\u7528mknod\u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u5229\u7528\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u5199\u597d\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2aMakefile\u6587\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728shell\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165make\u5c31\u53ef\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8f93\u5165make clean\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u9664\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e2d\u95f4\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8f93\u5165make install\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7f16\u8bd1\u597d\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5185\u6838\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2aMakefile\u6587\u4ef6\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u4e0b\u9762\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684Makefile\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0e\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u8d77\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u5b66\u4e60Makefile\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bed\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9bshell\u7f16\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

TARGET= globalmem\r\n\r\nifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)\r\n obj-m := $(TARGET).o\r\n $(TARGET)-objs := module.o global_fops.o\r\nelse\r\n KERNEL := $(shell uname -r)\r\n KDIR ?= \/lib\/modules\/$(KERNEL)\/build\r\n PWD := $(shell pwd)\r\n\r\n.PHONY all\r\n.PHONY clean\r\n.PHONY install\r\n.PHONY remove\r\n\r\nall:\r\n\tmake -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) modules\r\nclean:\r\n\tmake -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) clean\r\ninstall:\r\n\t@sudo .\/$(TARGET).sh\r\nremove:\r\n\t@sudo .\/clean.sh\r\nendif<\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2aMakefile\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u65b0Makefile\uff09\u6bd4\u8fd9\u91cc<\/a>\u7684Makefile\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u65e7Makefile\uff09\u5f3a\u5927\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n
1.\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Makefile\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\uff1aifneq-else-endif\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u9017\u53f7\u524d\u540e\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u3002ifneq\u4e4b\u540e\u4e3a\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\u6240\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684else\u4e4b\u540e\u4e3a\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0Makefile\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65adKERNELRELEASE\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u5219\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n
ifeq-else-endif\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u79cd\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u5904\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u6b64\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n
ifdef-else-endif\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u53d8\u91cf\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
ifndef-else-endif\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u53d8\u91cf\u672a\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u6240\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\u6ca1\u6709\u9012\u5f52\u6027\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n
path=\r\ncur_path=$(path)\r\nifdef cur_path\r\nright=yes\r\nelse\r\nright=no\r\nendif<\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u6700\u7ec8\u6267\u884c\u7684\u662fright=yes\u3002\u867d\u7136path\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4f46\u662fcur_path=$(path)\u5374\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86cur_path\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8bf4\u5b9a\u4e49\u6ca1\u6709\u9012\u5f52\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
2.\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c<\/p>\n
\u5728Makefile\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a\u53d8\u91cf\u540d \u8d4b\u503c\u7b26 \u53d8\u91cf\u503c<\/p>\n
\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a=\uff0c:=\uff0c?=\uff0c+=\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26=\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u5e73\u65e5\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7b49\u53f7\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u9012\u5f52\u5c55\u5f00\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u6e05\u9664\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8bf7\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n
first=$(second)\r\nsecond=$(third)\r\nthird=yes\r\nall:\r\n       echo $(first)<\/pre>\n
\u5f88\u663e\u7136\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3ayes\u3002\u5f53\u6267\u884cmake\u65f6\uff0cfirst\u9996\u5148\u5c55\u5f00\u4e3asecond\uff0c\u63a5\u7740second\u53c8\u5c55\u5f00\u6210\u4e3athird\uff0c\u518d\u540e\u6765\u5f15\u7528third\u7684\u503c\u5373yes\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230first\u662f\u9012\u5f52\u5c55\u5f00\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u540e\u7684yes\u503c\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4fbf\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u521a\u624d\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u5c55\u5f00\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u800c\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u53f7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c:=\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u53f7\u662f\u7acb\u5373\u5c55\u5f00\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528:=\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n
first:=$(second)\r\nsecond:=$(third)\r\nthird:=yes\r\nall:\r\n       echo $(first)<\/pre>\n
\u6b64\u65f6first\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49first\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\u5c31\u7acb\u5373\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86second\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3asecond\u6b64\u65f6\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u6b64\u53e5\u4e4b\u540e\u4e3asecond\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u4e86\u503c\uff0c\u4f46first\u7684\u503c\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u4e2a\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u53f7\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u9996\u5148+=\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u662f\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u539f\u6709\u503c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u518d\u589e\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u3002\u800c?=\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u5224\u65ad\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e4b\u524d\u672a\u88ab\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u6b64\u523b\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u8d4b\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
OK\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u518d\u6b21\u770b\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684Makefile\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6e05\u6670\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n
3.\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u5982\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728shell\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165make\u5c31\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u76ee\u6807all\u540e\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662fall\u76ee\u6807\u5177\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728Makefile\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u603b\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u5230\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u4ea4\u6362\u4e00\u4e0ball\u548cclean\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884cmake\u65f6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884cclean\u540e\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u603b\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u8d77\u540d\u4e3aall\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4f60\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u540d\uff08\u4e5f\u8bb8all\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u58f0\u7684\u7ea6\u5b9a \"e43\" \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u901a\u5e38\u5728clean\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u540e\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u60f3\u8ba9make\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u6807\u540e\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5f53Makefile\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aclean\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6make clean\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u751f\u6210clean\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u800cclean\u540e\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u6b21make clean\u540eclean\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6700\u65b0\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd9\u867d\u7136\u7b26\u5408\u8bed\u6cd5\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528clean\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06clean\u8fd9\u79cd\u76ee\u6807\u5b9a\u4e49\u6210\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\uff1a.PHONY:all\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0d\u7ba1\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u662f\u5426\u6709\u540c\u540d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u4f1a\u6267\u884cclean\u540e\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u660e\u88ab\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48MAKEFILE\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u4ee5.PHONY\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u4e86\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n
4.\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u7528makefile<\/p>\n
\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5374\u6210\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u6539\u52a8\u4e86\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u7f16\u8bd1\u6574\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u5f88\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4f46\u662fGNU make\u5f15\u5165\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u8fce\u5203\u800c\u89e3\u4e86\uff1amake\u53ea\u4f1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u5df2\u88ab\u6539\u52a8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u7f16\u8bd1\u3002\u4f46\u662fmake\u5177\u4f53\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u7f16\u8bd1\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u9700\u8981makefile\u6587\u4ef6\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9Makefile\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8fc7\u201c\u7f16\u8bd1\u89c4\u5219\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u4e0a\u9762\u7684Makefile\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5177\u4f53\u611f\u53d7\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u7f16\u8bd1\u89c4\u5219\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
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